Architectural structure



IN V EN TOR.

' A TTORNE Y W PULK ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED ,IUNIZI` 1918 WITNESS ge/VWX W. PULK.

ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6, i918.

Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

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IN VEN TOR.

4WI l ATTORNEY thesame. i

f 'the drawi includes fthe ritirarsi)V STATES PATENT onirica.

WILLIsroLK, on san rnnncrsco, `onnrijonnngi, rissrenonor koies-nutrir` iro soLoMoN LEVY, 'creen rnnnolsco, catiroanin.

ARCHITECTURAL sTnUoTUB/n.

Application led .Tune 6,

To all 'Hi/lont it 71mg/ conoci/'n Be it known that I, WILLIS Ponga citizen or' the United States,` and a resident oft the city and countyo'l San Francisco, State of California,.haveinade a new and useful liniention-.to wit, `llnproreinents in Archi tectural Structures; and l do hereby declare the 'following to be a full, clear, concise,

"torni considered to betlie best, but it `is to be understood that the saidinvention is not limited to such forms because it maybe einbodied in other il'orins, and it isalso to be understood that in andiby theclaiins follow- :inp the description it is desired to cover .the

invention in whatcw-r 'toi-in it may be einliodied. i 4

1 ln the accompanying two sheets of drawings: i

Figure l is a .perspective View of the facade ot awl'iuilding` constructed inv accord ance with this invention. A

.i lfip; Elvis an `enlarged, fragmentary detail in front elevationclithe saine.

v`lig. 3 is airaginentary side elevation olf tis a plan view ofthe same, yln detail the construction 1 illustrated in p ionventioiial foundation structure with the i usual side w l with the interior .supportinig'` columns resting'1uponfoundation piers 'andi distributed throughout?" the structure. as conifeintionally .required to support thc i'loor weight These supporting columns Mare joined by transverse girders,..trussves fand supports in the usual mannerto sustain the various floors 3 of the .structure H supported by the usual Hoor beams 4. In the drawings reinforced concrete construction is indicated, but it will become manifest as this description progresses that any type of architec tural structure may be modified to include this invention. i

While the drawings show only the facade ot' the building, it is evident that also the `Speciicatioii of Letters Patent.

lamented lnaar. es, inea. :una serial No. 238,415.

rear and the sides may be similarly constructed to attain the maximum amount of interior illumination. Itis the conventional practice to `carrythe Wall of the buildings clear to the property line In the present instancothe supporting means consisting' of the columns 2' are set back from `the property line a distance of two feet more or less, to the line F. the transverse support consisting: of the girder 7 resting upon the column 2. `To this pjirder 7 attached the supporting brackets 8 to supporty the niullion iranie iifork `9 iiXed thereto perpendicular `with the" property line Within `this inullion 'traine are mounted suitably` glazed sashflframes l0, some or'` all of which may he piifoted" as at 1l to be opened for rentin lation and cleaning. The glass front makes the `discovery of lire, starting?y within the building, more easy and lilrelybeforeit beyond control.` The tilting` "sashes `also malte the iirhting'offire `nfiolre eilicient and the water loss less incident thereto, because the eii'ortinay be concentrated more directly onthe source because of its greater visi bility. (ltlier advantages `are suliicieictlaVT nianiff 3. i

n .distinguishing characteristic otthis inrention is that the usual. `"extnior )Window sills 'which in tall 'buildings are of considerablel depth, and extend outside of the irlazed sash plane,` aiein the present instance interiorfo the structure, and `torni the ledge .'llhi'sledge is elevated above the-level .ofthe `iloor and "Ecrins a vei'ylconvenient utilityY i iifith'inA `the room for the display "of niercliaiidise or table space, "that wculdfnot be` available in buildings ol.` the conventional tune. ot architecture, in which the window sill is exterior to the plari'eoi"` the 'window :1 s nii-crionslti described;`

`The ceiling,l V1.3 is 'finislied in the-,usual finannerlcaving a space :between tliel'oor' 3 and the ceiling 13- ifor the cross beanies and the concealment of pipewandfelectric wriiigln theusual manner. "@Adjacent 'to 4the?facadeE wallyth, ceiling"rises'.l to the ledge 1E?` ,giving an angular space within which the brackets 8 are located. which space or offset in the ceiling is a primary element in this invention, in that it elevates the point of inlet of illumination from the normal point A to the point B. An angle of light such as B-C enteringf at B at an angle of approximately forty-five degrees will pe11e- Il. 0 O

trate farther into the interior of the room than it would if entering at the point A, which is the point of entrance in the conventional type of building. The comparison in Fig. 3 is even favorable to the old type in that a certain area of the glazed sash is sacrificed to the shadow caused by the overhanging wall above it, because of the sash being set back of the property line 5. Subtracting the width of the mullions and window sashes from the total area of the facade of the building close to ninety-eight per cent. of glass is presented for the penetration of light, rendering this class of building particularly adapted to what is known as loft buildings, usually partitioned into large rooms or inclosures, in which daylight is a prime consideration for the display of merchandise or for mechanical activities. A facade of this glazed type can be rendered very attractive by inserting tinted or muffled glass as at the shaded portions 14', which also obscure the off-set portions of the transverse girder 7 and the brackets 8, The same treatment in vertical lines as at 16 in colored glass, matching the trimming of the building, satisfies the artistic sense and establishes a just relation and true correspondence in the architectural design.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An architectural structure including a facade, the greater area of which is penetrable by light: and a ceiling spaced back from said facade and joined thereto by an angular upward' extension projecting upwardly. above the ceiling to form a pocket to receive light through the facade.

2. An architectural structure including a glazed facade; and a horizontal ceiling terminating at a distance spaced from the facade and having an upwardly projecting vertical offset rising from the terminal edge of the ceiling to a point adjacent said facade to form a light receiving pocket.

3l An architectural structure including a glazed facade; supports spaced back from said facade; ceilings supported by and terminating at said supports and havingupwardy projecting vertical off-sets extending from said supports to a point adjacent said facade.

' 4. An architectural structure including vertical supporting means; a glazed facade spaced outward from and supported by supports; a ceiling supported by means and spaced back from said facade; a ledge extending inward from said facade above the ceiling level; and a horizontal girder interposed between said supporting means and said facade for supporting said ledge.

5. An architectural structure including vertical supporting columns; a transverse girder spanning said columns; a ledge extending forward from near the top of said girder; and a ceiling extending rearward from near the bottom of said girdcr; and a vertical glazed facade set perpendicular to said ledge and spaced outward from said girder in advance of said ledge.

6. An architectural structure including vertical supporting means; a facade in advance of said supporting means and having its greater area penetrable by light; fioors spaced backward from said facade; a ledge; and brackets interposed between said supporting means and said facade for supporting said ledge above the ceiling level.

7. An architectural structure including a inullion frame facade the greater area of which is pcnetrable by light and having tilting sashes therein; and superposed oors spaced back from said facade and each having an upward and outward off-set ledge joining said facade above the level of said floors, said sashes tiltable within said offset ledge portions.

8. An architectural structure including a glazed facade. the greater area of which is penetrable by light, and a floor spaced back from said facade and having an upward and outward off-set ledge extending to the facade above the level of the floor.

9. An architectural structure including a glazed facade, the greater area of which is penetrable by light, superposed floors and corresponding ceilings spaced back from said facade, a substantially horizontal ledge above the level of each floor and extending between the facade and the adjacent edge of the floor, and a substantially vertical member between the ledge and the adjacent ceiling below said floor, the floor surface extending to said vertical member.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at vSan Francisco, California, this 20th day of May, 1918.

WILLIS POLK. 

